Monday, December 14, 2009

News Paper Article

June ?, 1865
What’s left of america
The devastation of this war is unimaginable. There are 364,000 fatalities from the North, where as the South suffered 260,000 casualties. Yes indeed, it has been a bloody war. The war has destroyed two thirds of the South’s shipping industry, numerous plantations, and one third of the live stock. The country is shockingly dilapidated. Roads, bridges, factories, ports, and buildings lie in ruins. The war has brought devastation to many homes as well. Widows weep, children cry, houses are bare, and families are now left homeless and coping with poverty. Property value has gone down 70% in the South. Will America ever recover from such devastation?
Like President Lincoln’s Ten Percent Plan for Reconstruction, President Johnson’s Presidential Reconstruction Plan pardons the southerners who promise to join the Union and abide by its laws. It also permits each state to hold a constitutional convention. Unlike Lincoln’s Ten Percent Plan, Johnson’s plan states that, with the promise to refrain from succession, abolish slavery, and pay back the Confederate dept, states could then hold elections to reunite with the Union.
While the war is a major devastation, it also brings victory for the slaves. They are no longer under the wrath of slave traders or slave owners, they are finally free! This drastic victory will take some adjusting for plantation owners, as well as the new free men. Some of the previous slaves are searching for family members that have been sold at a different location, while others are searching for jobs. But they’re not the only ones. Many poor, white families are also looking for jobs. But they might have more of a chance, for 90% of the previous slaves are illiterate. Therefore, many will return to their previous owners, while others will keep hunting for a new job.
Now all we can do is wait in anticipation to see how this all unfolds. Hopefully with a full recovery, America will be able to, once again, rejoice as a united country.

Friday, December 11, 2009

Terms

Johnson’s reconstruction plan: 1) It forgave the southerners who swore they would be an honest Union citizen. 2) It allowed each state to hold a constitutional convention. 3) States had to be against succession, abolish slavery, and pay back the Confederate debt. 4) Then they could hold elections to join the Union again.
Black Codes: These codes gave restrictions to the freedmen. Such as curfews, vagrancy laws, one year labor contracts and land restrictions that stated that freedmen could only rent a home in rural areas.
The 14th amendment stated that all men were equal; therefore Johnson couldn’t enforce the Black Codes.
The 15th amendment stated that all U.S. citizens were allowed to vote.
Radical Reconstruction Act divided the South into five parts which were government owned by the North. It also ordered southern states to create and elect a new state constitution. Of which, had to include African American men. They also temporarily restricted anyone who supported the Confederacy from participating in the election. It required that the south treat everyone as equals and to abide by the 14th amendment.
Carpetbaggers were men who wanted some quick money or power. Southerners gave them this nickname because they were often greedy men who came to profit off of the Southern misery.
Scalawag was a name given to white southern republicans which meant “scrawny cattle.” Most of them were poor.